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-.\" Title: pam_conv
-.\" Author:
-.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.70.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 06/27/2006
-.\" Manual: Linux\-PAM Manual
-.\" Source: Linux\-PAM Manual
-.\"
-.TH "PAM_CONV" "3" "06/27/2006" "Linux\-PAM Manual" "Linux\-PAM Manual"
-.\" disable hyphenation
-.nh
-.\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
-.ad l
-.SH "NAME"
-pam_conv \- PAM conversation function
-.SH "SYNOPSIS"
-.sp
-.ft B
-.nf
-#include <security/pam_appl.h>
-.fi
-.ft
-.sp
-.RS 3n
-.nf
-struct pam_message {
- int msg_style;
- const char *msg;
-};
-
-struct pam_response {
- char *resp;
- int resp_retcode;
-};
-
-struct pam_conv {
- int (*conv)(int num_msg, const struct pam_message **msg,
- struct pam_response **resp, void *appdata_ptr);
- void *appdata_ptr;
-};
-
-.fi
-.RE
-.SH "DESCRIPTION"
-.PP
-The PAM library uses an application\-defined callback to allow a direct communication between a loaded module and the application. This callback is specified by the
-\fIstruct pam_conv\fR
-passed to
-\fBpam_start\fR(3)
-at the start of the transaction.
-.PP
-When a module calls the referenced conv() function, the argument
-\fIappdata_ptr\fR
-is set to the second element of this structure.
-.PP
-The other arguments of a call to conv() concern the information exchanged by module and application. That is to say,
-\fInum_msg\fR
-holds the length of the array of pointers,
-\fImsg\fR. After a successful return, the pointer
-\fIresp\fR
-points to an array of pam_response structures, holding the application supplied text. The
-\fIresp_retcode\fR
-member of this struct is unused and should be set to zero. It is the caller's responsibility to release both, this array and the responses themselves, using
-\fBfree\fR(3). Note,
-\fI*resp\fR
-is a
-\fIstruct pam_response\fR
-array and not an array of pointers.
-.PP
-The number of responses is always equal to the
-\fInum_msg\fR
-conversation function argument. This does require that the response array is
-\fBfree\fR(3)'d after every call to the conversation function. The index of the responses corresponds directly to the prompt index in the pam_message array.
-.PP
-On failure, the conversation function should release any resources it has allocated, and return one of the predefined PAM error codes.
-.PP
-Each message can have one of four types, specified by the
-\fImsg_style\fR
-member of
-\fIstruct pam_message\fR:
-.TP 3n
-PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF
-Obtain a string without echoing any text.
-.TP 3n
-PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON
-Obtain a string whilst echoing text.
-.TP 3n
-PAM_ERROR_MSG
-Display an error message.
-.TP 3n
-PAM_TEXT_INFO
-Display some text.
-.PP
-The point of having an array of messages is that it becomes possible to pass a number of things to the application in a single call from the module. It can also be convenient for the application that related things come at once: a windows based application can then present a single form with many messages/prompts on at once.
-.PP
-In passing, it is worth noting that there is a descrepency between the way Linux\-PAM handles the const struct pam_message **msg conversation function argument from the way that Solaris' PAM (and derivitives, known to include HP/UX, are there others?) does. Linux\-PAM interprets the msg argument as entirely equivalent to the following prototype const struct pam_message *msg[] (which, in spirit, is consistent with the commonly used prototypes for argv argument to the familiar main() function: char **argv; and char *argv[]). Said another way Linux\-PAM interprets the msg argument as a pointer to an array of num_meg read only 'struct pam_message' pointers. Solaris' PAM implementation interprets this argument as a pointer to a pointer to an array of num_meg pam_message structures. Fortunately, perhaps, for most module/application developers when num_msg has a value of one these two definitions are entirely equivalent. Unfortunately, casually raising this number to two has led to unanticipated compatibility problems.
-.PP
-For what its worth the two known module writer work\-arounds for trying to maintain source level compatibility with both PAM implementations are:
-.TP 3n
-\(bu
-never call the conversation function with num_msg greater than one.
-.TP 3n
-\(bu
-set up msg as doubly referenced so both types of conversation function can find the messages. That is, make
-.sp
-.RS 3n
-.nf
- msg[n] = & (( *msg )[n])
-
-.fi
-.RE
-.SH "RETURN VALUES"
-.TP 3n
-PAM_BUF_ERR
-Memory buffer error.
-.TP 3n
-PAM_CONV_ERR
-Conversation failure. The application should not set
-\fI*resp\fR.
-.TP 3n
-PAM_SUCCESS
-Success.
-.SH "SEE ALSO"
-.PP
-
-\fBpam_start\fR(3),
-\fBpam_set_item\fR(3),
-\fBpam_get_item\fR(3),
-\fBpam_strerror\fR(3),
-\fBpam\fR(8)