Hurd Cheat Sheet

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Mirrors

The mirror has to be debian-ports, not debian, and many mirror sites do not provide it. Following is aliyun mirror:

/etc/apt/sources.list
---
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-ports/ unstable main
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-ports/ unreleased main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ unstable main

The hurd-amd64 deb-src seems to not work.

Use QEMU Virtual Machine

For i386, use

qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 4G \
  -net nic -net user,hostfwd=tcp::3222-:22 \
  -vga vmware -drive cache=writeback,file=[...]

For x86_64, use

qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 8G -machine q35 \
  -net nic -net user,hostfwd=tcp::3223-:22 \
  -vga vmware -drive cache=writeback,file=[...]

GRUB in the image seems to use hard-coded path of /dev/* block file as the root partition in the kernel command line rather than GUID, so if the hard disk bus is changed in QEMU and the path is changed accordingly, the system can't boot on.

QEMU cli arguments -machine q35 enables AHCI and SATA, and is required for official x86_64 image to boot. As for i386, I haven't checked now.

There is a Deno script written by me to help define and build QEMU cli arguments of VMs.

Inside Hurd

Configure/Setup network

settrans -fgap /servers/socket/2 /hurd/pfinet \
  -i /dev/eth0 -a 10.0.2.15 -g 10.0.2.2 -m 255.255.255.0
fsysopts /servers/socket/2 /hurd/pfinet \
  -i /dev/eth0 -a 10.0.2.15 -g 10.0.2.2 -m 255.255.255.0
fsysopts /server/socket/2 -a 10.0.2.15 -g 10.0.2.2 -m 255.255.255.0

Setup apt

apt-get --allow-unauthenticated --allow-insecure-repositories update
apt-get --allow-unauthenticated upgrade